alpine-wiki

Alpine WAYLAND desktop setup: FF version

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Alpine must be previously installed. This will install a new fashioned desktop, for more traditional check ../../newbie/alpine-newbie-xfce-desktop.md

• How to use this guide
• Preparation
  • setup OS configuration
  • setup system users
  • setup hardware support
  • setup audio and video
• Instalacion Desktop WAYLAND Alpine
  • Login manager and user configurations
  • multimedia and device enhanced
• Licensing clarifications
• See also

preparation Alpine

You must have already installed alpine, and wayland only works well in few GPU cards, for stable desktop use XFCE check alpine-tutorial-desktop-xfce4-fast-forward.md

Warning YOU MUST HAVE DIRECT WIRED INTERNET, if not ask for an ISO from VenenuX: https://t.me/alpine_linux/762 or configure a network connection check alpine-tutorial-wifi-routering.md

Main problem with alpine is that most old images of installation doe snot have the tools installed to setup the wifi.. so you must have wired connection or setup a wifi manually!

setup OS configuration

Feels lost here? check How to use this guide section of this document

Warning For didactic processes, the root password will be “toor”, you can change it after

Runs following commands as root user:

sed -i -r 's|#PermitRootLogin.*|PermitRootLogin no|g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
rc-service sshd restart;rc-update add sshd default

cat > /root/.cshrc << EOF
unsetenv DISPLAY || true
HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth
EOF

cp /root/.cshrc  /root/.bashrc
 echo "root:toor" | chpasswd

hostname venenux-desktop
echo 'hostname="venenux-desktop"' > /etc/conf.d/hostname 
echo "venenux-desktop" > /etc/hostname
cat > /etc/hosts << EOF
127.0.0.1 venenux-desktop localhost.localdomain localhost
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain
EOF

apk add tcsh && add-shell '/bin/csh'

adduser -D -g "" -u 998 -h /opt/daru -s /bin/csh daru
 echo "daru:daru" | chpasswd

rm -f /opt/daru/*
mkdir /opt/daru
cat > /opt/daru/.cshrc << EOF
unsetenv DISPLAY
export PAGER=less
set autologout = 6
set prompt = "$ "
set history = 0
set ignoreeof
EOF
cp /opt/daru/.cshrc /opt/daru/.bashrc
chown -R daru:daru /opt/daru

cat > /etc/apk/repositories << EOF
http://dl-4.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v$(cat /etc/alpine-release | cut -d'.' -f1,2)/main
http://dl-4.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v$(cat /etc/alpine-release | cut -d'.' -f1,2)/community
EOF

apk update

apk add man-db man-pages nano binutils coreutils readline \
 sed attr dialog lsof less groff wget curl terminus-font \
 file lz4 arch-install-scripts gawk tree pciutils usbutils lshw \
 zip p7zip xz tar cabextract cpio binutils lha acpi musl-locales musl-locales-lang \
 e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-doc btrfs-progs btrfs-progs-doc exfat-utils exfat-utils-doc \
 f2fs-tools f2fs-tools-doc dosfstools dosfstools-doc xfsprogs xfsprogs-doc jfsutils jfsutils-doc \
 arch-install-scripts util-linux zram-init tzdata tzdata-utils

sed -i "s#.*consolefont.*=.*#consolefont="ter-132n.psf.gz"#g" /etc/conf.d/consolefont
setfont /usr/share/consolefonts/ter-132n.psf.gz

rc-update add consolefont boot

For more extended info check ../../newbie/alpine-newbie-xfce-desktop.md

setup system users

apk add shadow shadow-uidmap doas musl-locales musl-locales-lang

cat > /tmp/tmp.tmp << EOF
set history = 10000
set prompt = "$ "
EOF

mkdir /etc/skel
cat /tmp/tmp.tmp > /etc/skel/.cshrc
cat /tmp/tmp.tmp > /etc/skel/.bashrc

cat > /etc/skel/.Xresources << EOF
Xft.antialias: 0
Xft.rgba:      rgb
Xft.autohint:  0
Xft.hinting:   1
Xft.hintstyle: hintslight
EOF

cat > /etc/default/useradd << EOF
# useradd defaults file
HOME=/home
INACTIVE=-1
EXPIRE=
SHELL=/bin/bash
SKEL=/etc/skel
CREATE_MAIL_SPOOL=yes
EOF

cat > /etc/login.defs << EOF
USERGROUPS_ENAB yes
SYSLOG_SU_ENAB		yes
SYSLOG_SG_ENAB		yes
SULOG_FILE	/var/log/sulog
SU_NAME		su
EOF

useradd -m -U -c "" -G wheel,input,disk,floppy,cdrom,dialout,audio,video,lp,netdev,games,users,ping general

for u in $(ls /home); do for g in disk lp floppy audio cdrom dialout video lp netdev games users ping; do addgroup $u $g; done;done

Warning your user name must be general, you can put a “human name” as you wish, later.

For more details check ../../documents/alpine-newbie-xfce-desktop.md

setup hardware support

apk add acpi acpid acpid-openrc alpine-conf eudev eudev-doc eudev-rule-generator eudev-openrc \
 pciutils util-linux arch-install-scripts zram-init acpi-utils \
 fuse fuse-exfat-utils fuse-exfat avfs pcre2 cpufreqd bluez bluez-openrc \
 wpa_supplicant dhcpcd chrony macchanger wireless-tools iputils linux-firmware \
 networkmanager networkmanager-lang networkmanager-openvpn networkmanager-openvpn-lang

setup-devd udev

rc-update add udev
rc-update add acpid
rc-update add cpufreqd
rc-update add fuse
rc-update add bluetooth
rc-update add chronyd
rc-update add wpa_supplicant
rc-update add networkmanager

rc-service networking restart

rc-service wpa_supplicant restart

rc-service bluetooth restart

rc-service udev restart 

rc-service fuse restart

rc-service cpufreqd restart

For more details check ../../documents/alpine-newbie-xfce-desktop.md

setup audio and video

Note on alpine 3.14 gtk3 will force xorg dependencies.. for 3.16 will use gtk4 and SDL2

apk add xinit xorg-server xorg-server-xnest xorg-server-xnest xorg-server-doc \
 xf86-video-dummy xf86-video-vesa xf86-video-amdgpu xf86-video-noveau xf86-video-intel \
 xf86-input-evdev xf86-video-modesetting xf86-input-libinput \
 mesa mesa-gl mesa-utils mesa-osmesa mesa-dri-gallium libxinerama xrandr kbd setxkbmap

apk add libxinerama xrandr kbd setxkbmap bluez bluez-openrc \
 dbus dbus-x11 udisks2 udisks2-lang \
 gvfs gvfs-fuse gvfs-archive gvfs-dav gvfs-nfs gvfs-lang


dbus-uuidgen > /var/lib/dbus/machine-id

rc-update add dbus
rc-update add elogind
rc-update add polkit

apk add font-noto-all ttf-dejavu ttf-linux-libertine ttf-liberation \
 font-bitstream-type1 font-bitstream-100dpi font-bitstream-75dpi \
 font-adobe-utopia-type1 font-adobe-utopia-75dpi font-adobe-utopia-100dpi \
 font-isas-misc

apk add alsa-lib alsa-utils alsa-plugins alsa-tools alsaconf sndio \
 pipewire pipewire-pulse pipewire-alsa pipewire-spa-bluez wireplumber-logind

amixer sset Master unmute;  amixer sset PCM unmute;  amixer set Master 100%;  amixer set PCM 100%

cat > /etc/security/limits.d/audio-limits.conf << EOF
@audio - memlock 4096
@audio - nice -11
@audio - rtprio 88
@pipewire - memlock 4194304
@pipewire - nice -19
@pipewire - rtprio 95
EOF

rc-update add alsa

rc-service dbus restart

rc-service alsa restart

rc-service elogind restart

rc-service polkit restart

Warning your user name must be general, you can put a “human name” as you wish, later.

Note pure wayland will work only in modern gpu, xf86-video-intel, xf86-video-amdgpu, xf86-video-noveau, xf86-video-ati or xf86-video-nv may not work due crap wayland requirements

Instalacion Desktop WAYLAND Alpine

At the moment of alpine 3.16 and wayland development, this mayor shit is that only works with OpenGL and 3D acceleration, its pretty ilogical that a so reduced environment need 3D for mostly eye candy.. ironically thing!

apk add gtk-update-icon-cache hicolor-icon-theme paper-gtk-theme adwaita-icon-theme \
 numix-icon-theme numix-themes numix-themes-gtk2 numix-themes-gtk3 numix-themes-metacity numix-themes-openbox numix-themes-xfce4-notifyd numix-themes-xfwm4

apk add xwayland 
 wayland wlroots foot sway sway-doc bemenu swaylock swaylockd swaybg swayidle \
 weston weston-backend-wayland weston-backend-x11 weston-backend-drm weston-backend-wayland weston-backend-headless \
 weston-doc weston-shell-desktop weston-desktop-x11 weston-clients weston-terminal \
 weston-xwayland weston-shell-desktop weston-shell-fullscreen weston-cms-static

At this point you already has a waylan environment and can choose beetween weston and sway, just login into and start your desktop, weston is just the first implementation, can be run inside and X11 or another wayland session, sway is a window manager and compositor.

Login manager and user configurations

apk elogind elogind-openrc lightdm lightdm-lang lightdm-gtk-greeter \
 polkit polkit-openrc polkit-elogind  networkmanager-elogind linux-pam \
 network-manager-applet network-manager-applet-lang vte3

rc-service networking restart

rc-service wpa_supplicant restart

rc-service networkmanager restart

rc-service lightdm restart

Warning : for alpine 3.14, 3.15 just works the login sesion for sway, maybe 3.16 and up will result in a blank screen, check https://github.com/swaywm/sway/pull/3634#issuecomment-462779163

Wayland its on early stages.. so there is no login manager compatible, this is cos wayland per ser its another way to run GUI, and all the sesion and login GUI managers runs over Xorg.

The wayland weston and sway configurations depens on your preferences, the above commands just provide defaults to made those compositors able to run for users.

If want autologin with TTY use this script to your system users:

for u in $(ls /home); do mkdir -p /home/$u/.config/sway/ && cp /etc/sway/config /home/$u/.config/sway/config ;done

for u in $(ls /home); do touch /home/$u/.config/weston.ini;done

cat > /etc/skel/.profile << EOF
    if test -z "\${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}"; then
      export XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/tmp/\$(id -u)-runtime-dir
      if ! test -d "\${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}"; then
        mkdir "\${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}"
        chmod 0700 "\${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}"
      fi
    fi
EOF
for u in $(ls /home); do cp /etc/skel/.profile /home/$u/ ;done

cat > /tmp/.xinitrc << EOF
if [ -z "\${DISPLAY}" ] && [ "\${XDG_VTNR}" -eq 1 ]; then
  if [ "\$(fgconsole 2>/dev/null || echo -1)" -eq 1 ]; then
    dbus-run-session -- sway
    export SWAYSOCK=/run/user/$(id -u)/sway-ipc.$(id -u).$(pgrep -x sway).sock
  fi
fi
EOF
for u in $(ls /home); do cp /tmp/.xinitrc /home/$u/.xinitrc;done

On older versions (Alpine 3.12 or less) the xx-openrc packages dont exists!

desktop integration and device media

apk add xdg-desktop-portal xdg-desktop-portal-wlr xdg-desktop-portal-lang xdg-desktop-portal-gtk xdg-desktop-portal-gtk-lang

multimedia and hardware media device access for the users

apk add gst-plugins-base gst-plugins-bad gst-plugins-ugly gst-plugins-good gst-plugins-good-gtk gst-plugin-pipewire \
 libcanberra-gtk2 libcanberra-gtk3 libcanberra-gstreamer wxgtk-media wxgtk3-media wxgtk-lang \
 mediainfo ffmpeg ffmpeg-doc ffmpeg-libs lame lame-doc rtkit rtkit-doc \
 mpv mpv-doc deadbeef deadbeef-lang libxinerama xrandr cairo pango pixman

apk add gvfs-fuse ntfs-3g gvfs-cdda gvfs-afp gvfs-mtp gvfs-smb gvfs-lang \
 gvfs-afc gvfs-nfs gvfs-archive gvfs-dav gvfs-gphoto2 gvfs-avahi

for u in $(ls /home); do for g in plugdev audio cdrom dialout video netdev; do addgroup $u $g; done;done

cat > /etc/network/interfaces << EOF
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
EOF

service networking restart

service wpa_supplicant restart

service networkmanager restart

development

apk add pkgconf make cmake gcc gcc-gdc gcc-go g++ gcc-objc gcc-doc \
 patch patch-doc patchutils patchutils-doc diffutils diffutils-doc \
 git git-cvs git-svn github-cli git-diff-highlight git-doc \
 subversion subversion-doc mercurial mercurial-doc \
 geany geany-plugins-lang geany-plugins-addons geany-plugins-geanyextrasel \
 geany-plugins-overview geany-plugins-geanyvc geany-plugins-treebrowser \
 geany-plugins-tableconvert geany-plugins-spellcheck geany-plugins-shiftcolumn \
 geany-plugins-utils geany-lang \
 terminator terminator-lang tmux screen meld meld-lang

How to use this guide

This guide structure all the commands in blocks, each block its separated by a line spaced, so you must type each line as is.. and hit enter, so you noted that then you typed each separated clocks of commands, copy/type only blocks separated by an empty line, all new(next) lines are made by just enter. the terminal will detect if must execute or not.

If you have another computer or gui, try to use SSH client like putty or just in terminal (MAC or Linux) do:

1. at the Alpine installation: sed -i 's|.*PermitRootLogin.*|PermitRootLogin yes|g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config;service sshd restart
2. at the other OS just connect: ssh -l root <ip> change “<ip>” with the address of your device.
3. copy each separated by empty line, block of command, copy only blocks separate by empty line
4. and paste each separated by empty line block in the remnote (ssh), do not paste all the blocks at same time!

Warning Some Linux or/and Mac terminals have security cut/paste locks, so if you paste, the first line will be preceded by garbage, check always the first char of your paste.

Warning after finish, rerun: sed -i -r 's|.*PermitRootLogin.*|PermitRootLogin no|g' /etc/ssh/sshd_config and restart ssh service sshd restart becouse security implications.

Done? return to Preparation section of this document.

hardware used

item	minimal feature	Extra recommendations
RAM MB	1Gb DDR1	6Gb DDR3, web browsers consumes so much
CPU	intel Dual Core	Not necesary
RAM CPU	2Mb (L2) 4kb/L1
GPU	intel G41	Radeon X1200 For web browsers and modern apps will be need
RAM GPU	256Mb	1Gb For web browsers and modern apps will be need
Storage	120Gb HDD WD	256Gb SSD are mandatory for speed
ARCH	32bits (i386/arm6)	64bits (amd64) mandatory for most modern apps unfortunatelly
Audio	AC 97	HD audio and HDMI audio are a mess

usernames

item	name	password
remote	daru	daru
admin	root	toor
user	general	general

Done? return to Preparation section of this document.

Licensing clarifications

CC BY-NC-SA: the project allows reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creators involved. If you remix, adapt, or build upon the material, you must license the modified material under identical terms, includes the following elements:

• BY – Credit must be given to the creator of each content respectivelly, starting at the first contributor.
• NC – Only noncommercial uses of the work are permitted, with exceptions if you fill an issue here!
• SA – Adaptations must be shared under the same terms, you must obey this terms and do not change it.

https://codeberg.org/alpine/alpine-wiki/src/branch/main#license

See also

• README.md
• alpine-newbie-install.md
• alpine-tutorial-desktop-xfce4-fast-forward.md

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